Shame and Guilt in Lancashire: Enforcing Piece Rate Contracts
نویسنده
چکیده
CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère de l=Industrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. The Scientific Series fulfils one of the missions of CIRANO: to develop the scientific analysis of organizations and strategic behaviour. $Développement des ressources humaines Canada (DRHC) $Egis $Fédération des caisses populaires Desjardins de Montréal et de l=Ouest-du-Québec $Hydro-Québec $Imasco $Industrie Canada $Microcell Labs inc. Reproduction partielle permise avec citation du document source, incluant la notice ©. Short sections may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Ce document est publié dans l=intention de rendre accessibles les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l=unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims to encourage discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. En général, les employeurs et les employés ont de la difficulté à maintenir un niveau de paiement stable quand le paiement est à la pièce. En citant des exemples de l'industrie du textile britannique du 19e siècle, cet article vise à examiner les différentes approches que les acteurs ont utilisées afin de garder le niveau de paiement. Les stratégies adoptées ont dépendu des réponses émotionnelles des travailleurs et surtout de leurs relations avec leurs homologues et leurs patrons. Suivant le modèle de Lazear (1995), je suggère que les sanctions externes étaient privilégiées dans une culture de honte où les travailleurs étaient indifférents à l'égard du bien-être de leurs homologues et de celui de leurs patrons. Dans ces cultures, les acteurs ont utilisé les listes pour protéger la méthode de paiement. Là où les travailleurs ont valorisé davantage leurs relations avec leurs homologues,c'est-à-dire une culture de culpabilité, les sanctions internes étaient utilisées. Dans cette culture, un système de partage des profits était établi afin de garder la méthode de paiement. The ratchet effect undermines firms' ability to pay workers a steady piece rate. …
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